Cerebrovascular diseases are the most common neurological disorders and are life-threatening. They rank third as a cause of death, following heart diseases and cancer, and first as a cause of disability. Cerebrovascular diseases refer to conditions arising from various problems with the blood vessels supplying the brain, resulting in reduced blood flow, obstruction, or bleeding due to the rupture of vessels.

Cerebral vascular obstruction can occur due to causes such as hypertension, heart diseases, poor nutrition/high blood lipids (cholesterol, triglycerides), obesity, smoking, and alcohol consumption. Sometimes, vascular inflammations can also lead to obstructions. Blood clots formed in the heart or clots that break off from blood vessels can cause obstructions.

Cerebral hemorrhage occurs when blood accumulates in the brain tissue or between the brain membranes due to damage to the walls of large or small blood vessels supplying the brain. Intracerebral bleeding can arise from sudden hypertension, prolonged damage to vessels due to poor nutrition or smoking, and head injuries.

The symptoms of paralysis can vary depending on the location and extent of the damage in the brain. Symptoms may include numbness, weakness on one side of the body, speech, vision, balance, and walking difficulties, as well as changes in consciousness.

When the right hemisphere of the brain is affected, patients may begin to experience attention deficits and difficulties in daily activities, such as dressing and undressing, that they previously performed easily. When the left hemisphere is affected, language problems such as difficulty understanding spoken language or speaking, as well as memory disorders, may arise.

It is important to take precautions against cerebrovascular diseases before problems occur, particularly by paying attention to modifiable risk factors.